Scandinavian countries are perceived as role-models when it comes to gender
equality. With the advent of pre-trained language models and their widespread
usage, we investigate to what extent gender-based harmful and toxic content
exist in selected Scandinavian language models. We examine nine models,
covering Danish, Swedish, and Norwegian, by manually creating template-based
sentences and probing the models for completion. We evaluate the completions
using two methods for measuring harmful and toxic completions and provide a
thorough analysis of the results. We show that Scandinavian pre-trained
language models contain harmful and gender-based stereotypes with similar
values across all languages. This finding goes against the general expectations
related to gender equality in Scandinavian countries and shows the possible
problematic outcomes of using such models in real-world settings.

通过手动创建基于模板的句子和探索模型进行补全的方式，研究表明，覆盖丹麦语、瑞典语和挪威语的九种模型包含有害的、基于性别的刻板印象，在所有语言中具有类似的价值，这一发现违背了人们对于斯堪的纳维亚国家的性别平等的一般期望，同时表明在实际使用这些模型时可能存在问题。