We provide an overview of the emergence of large language models for
scientific computing applications. We highlight use cases that involve natural
language processing of scientific documents and specialized languages designed
to describe physical systems. For the former, chatbot style applications appear
in medicine, mathematics and physics and can be used iteratively with domain
experts for problem solving. We also review specialized languages within
molecular biology, the languages of molecules, proteins, and DNA where language
models are being used to predict properties and even create novel physical
systems at much faster rates than traditional computing methods.

大型语言模型在科学计算应用中的应用领域和研究进行了概述，重点突出了涉及科学文献和描述物理系统的专用语言的自然语言处理的使用案例。在医学、数学和物理学领域，聊天机器人样式的应用可以与领域专家进行迭代，进行问题解决。同时，我们还对分子生物学中的专用语言进行了审查，这些语言包括分子、蛋白质和 DNA 的使用，语言模型被用于预测特性，甚至以比传统计算方法快得多的速度创建新型物理系统。