Population growth in the last decades has resulted in the production of about
2.01 billion tons of municipal waste per year. The current waste management
systems are not capable of providing adequate solutions for the disposal and
use of these wastes. Recycling and reuse have proven to be a solution to the
problem, but large-scale waste segregation is a tedious task and on a small
scale it depends on public awareness. This research used convolutional neural
networks and computer vision to develop a tool for the automation of solid
waste sorting. The Fotini10k dataset was constructed, which has more than
10,000 images divided into the categories of 'plastic bottles', 'aluminum cans'
and 'paper and cardboard'. ResNet50, MobileNetV1 and MobileNetV2 were retrained
with ImageNet weights on the Fotini10k dataset. As a result, top-1 accuracy of
99% was obtained in the test dataset with all three networks. To explore the
possible use of these networks in mobile applications, the three nets were
quantized in float16 weights. By doing so, it was possible to obtain inference
times twice as low for Raspberry Pi and three times as low for computer
processing units. It was also possible to reduce the size of the networks by
half. When quantizing the top-1 accuracy of 99% was maintained with all three
networks. When quantizing MobileNetV2 to int-8, it obtained a top-1 accuracy of
97%.

使用卷积神经网络和计算机视觉开发了一个用于自动化固体废物分类的工具，通过使用新构建的数据集及三种网络，成功达到 99% 的准确率并将网络的尺寸缩小一半，并将这三个网络进行了浮点数和其他格式的量化，以在移动应用程序中使用。