Coordination is an important and common syntactic construction which is not
handled well by state of the art parsers. Coordinations in the Penn Treebank
are missing internal structure in many cases, do not include explicit marking
of the conjuncts and contain various errors and inconsistencies. In this work,
we initiated manual annotation process for solving these issues. We identify
the different elements in a coordination phrase and label each element with its
function. We add phrase boundaries when these are missing, unify
inconsistencies, and fix errors. The outcome is an extension of the PTB that
includes consistent and detailed structures for coordinations. We make the
coordination annotation publicly available, in hope that they will facilitate
further research into coordination disambiguation.

本文通过手动注释 Penn Treebank 中的协同结构，修复其内在结构、标注、一致性与错误，为协同结构的消歧研究提供了一份详实一致的注释数据集。

宾州树库中的协调标注扩展

Coordination Annotation Extension in the Penn Tree Bank

This is the introductive paper to the volume "Symmetries in Physics:
Philosophical Reflections", Cambridge University Press, 2003. We begin with a
brief description of the historical roots and emergence of the concept of
symmetry that is at work in modern physics. Then, in section 2, we mention the
different varieties of symmetry that fall under this general umbrella,
outlining the ways in which they were introduced into physics. We also
distinguish between two different uses of symmetry: symmetry principles versus
symmetry arguments. In section 3 we make some remarks of a general nature
concerning the status and significance of symmetries in physics. Finally, in
section 4, we outline the structure of the book and the contents of each part.

本文是介绍《物理中的对称性：哲学反思》一书的导论部分，主要阐述了对称性在现代物理中的历史渊源、概念分类、原理与应用、重要性等方面，并概述了该书的结构和内容。

物理学中的对称性：哲学反思

Symmetries in Physics: Philosophical Reflections

We present an efficient algorithm to recover the three dimensional structure
of a protein from its contact map representation. First we show that when a
physically realizable map is used as target, our method generates a structure
whose contact map is essentially similar to the target. Furthermore, the
reconstructed and original structures are similar up to the resolution of the
contact map representation. Next we use non-physical target maps, obtained by
corrupting a physical one; in this case our method essentially recovers the
underlying physical map and structure. Hence our algorithm will help to fold
proteins, using dynamics in the space of contact maps. Finally we investigate
the manner in which the quality of the recovered structure degrades when the
number of contacts is reduced.

该论文讨论了从接触图谱中恢复蛋白质三维结构的有效算法，可通过动力学以接触图谱的方式折叠蛋白质，同时研究了接触点数量减少时恢复结构质量的变化。