Graph neural networks get significant attention for graph representation and
classification in machine learning community. Attention mechanism applied on
the neighborhood of a node improves the performance of graph neural networks.
Typically, it helps to identify a neighbor node which plays more important role
to determine the label of the node under consideration. But in real world
scenarios, a particular subset of nodes together, but not the individual pairs
in the subset, may be important to determine the label of the graph. To address
this problem, we introduce the concept of subgraph attention for graphs. On the
other hand, hierarchical graph pooling has been shown to be promising in recent
literature. But due to noisy hierarchical structure of real world graphs, not
all the hierarchies of a graph play equal role for graph classification.
Towards this end, we propose a graph classification algorithm called
SubGattPool which jointly learns the subgraph attention and employs two
different types of hierarchical attention mechanisms to find the important
nodes in a hierarchy and the importance of individual hierarchies in a graph.
Experimental evaluation with different types of graph classification algorithms
shows that SubGattPool is able to improve the state-of-the-art or remains
competitive on multiple publicly available graph classification datasets. We
conduct further experiments on both synthetic and real world graph datasets to
justify the usefulness of different components of SubGattPool and to show its
consistent performance on other downstream tasks.

本研究提出了一种名为 SubGattPool 的算法，它能够联合学习子图注意力，利用两种不同类型的分层注意机制，以找到层次结构中的重要节点和图形中各层次结构的重要性，从而解决了现实世界中的图形分类问题，并在多个公开可用的图形分类数据集上取得了显著的性能提升。