A significant cause of air pollution in urban areas worldwide is the high
volume of road traffic. Long-term exposure to severe pollution can cause
serious health issues. One approach towards tackling this problem is to design
a pollution-aware traffic routing policy that balances multiple objectives of
i) avoiding extreme pollution in any area ii) enabling short transit times, and
iii) making effective use of the road capacities. We propose a novel
sampling-based approach for this problem. We provide the first construction of
a Markov Chain that can sample integer max flow solutions of a planar graph,
with theoretical guarantees that the probabilities depend on the aggregate
transit length. We designed a traffic policy using diverse samples and
simulated traffic on real-world road maps using the SUMO traffic simulator. We
observe a considerable decrease in areas with severe pollution when
experimented with maps of large cities across the world compared to other
approaches.

该研究使用基于采样的方法，通过设计污染感知的流量调度策略，实现在保证短的通行时间和充分利用道路容量的同时，避免区域污染，有效减少城市空气污染的问题。使用 SUMO 交通模拟器在世界各大城市大幅度减少了污染区域，证明了该方法的可行性。