Road traffic accidents pose a significant global public health concern,
leading to injuries, fatalities, and vehicle damage. Approximately 1,3 million
people lose their lives daily due to traffic accidents [World Health
Organization, 2022]. Addressing this issue requires accurate traffic law
violation detection systems to ensure adherence to regulations. The integration
of Artificial Intelligence algorithms, leveraging machine learning and computer
vision, has facilitated the development of precise traffic rule enforcement.
This paper illustrates how computer vision and machine learning enable the
creation of robust algorithms for detecting various traffic violations. Our
model, capable of identifying six common traffic infractions, detects red light
violations, illegal use of breakdown lanes, violations of vehicle following
distance, breaches of marked crosswalk laws, illegal parking, and parking on
marked crosswalks. Utilizing online traffic footage and a self-mounted on-dash
camera, we apply the YOLOv5 algorithm's detection module to identify traffic
agents such as cars, pedestrians, and traffic signs, and the strongSORT
algorithm for continuous interframe tracking. Six discrete algorithms analyze
agents' behavior and trajectory to detect violations. Subsequently, an
Identification Module extracts vehicle ID information, such as the license
plate, to generate violation notices sent to relevant authorities.

利用计算机视觉和机器学习的方法，本研究论文展示了如何创建强大的算法以识别不同的交通违规行为，包括闯红灯、非法使用紧急车道、违反车距规定、违反斑马线法规、非法停车和停在斑马线上。通过使用在线交通录像和车载摄像头，本研究应用 YOLOv5 算法的检测模块来识别交通参与者，如汽车、行人和交通标志，以及 strongSORT 算法进行连续帧间追踪。进一步，通过多个离散算法分析交通参与者的行为和轨迹来检测交通违规行为，同时，识别模块提取车辆 ID 信息（如车牌号），生成违规通知并发送给相关部门。