Neural models with an encoder-decoder framework provide a feasible solution
to Question Generation (QG). However, after analyzing the model vocabulary we
find that current models (both RNN-based and pre-training based) have more than
23\% inflected forms. As a result, the encoder will generate separate
embeddings for the inflected forms, leading to a waste of training data and
parameters. Even worse, in decoding these models are vulnerable to irrelevant
noise and they suffer from high computational costs. In this paper, we propose
an approach to enhance the performance of QG by fusing word transformation.
Firstly, we identify the inflected forms of words from the input of encoder,
and replace them with the root words, letting the encoder pay more attention to
the repetitive root words. Secondly, we propose to adapt QG as a combination of
the following actions in the encode-decoder framework: generating a question
word, copying a word from the source sequence or generating a word
transformation type. Such extension can greatly decrease the size of predicted
words in the decoder as well as noise. We apply our approach to a typical
RNN-based model and \textsc{UniLM} to get the improved versions. We conduct
extensive experiments on SQuAD and MS MARCO datasets. The experimental results
show that the improved versions can significantly outperform the corresponding
baselines in terms of BLEU, ROUGE-L and METEOR as well as time cost.

本文研究了现有 RNN-based 和预训练语言模型在提问生成中使用 encoder-decoder 架构的性能问题，在此基础上提出了利用词形变换来改善提问生成性能的方法，并在 SQuAD 和 MS MARCO 数据集上进行实验证明，相比对应基线方法，改进后的方法在 BLEU、ROUGE-L 和 METEOR 指标以及时间成本方面都有显著提高。

问答生成模型中屈折形式是冗余的

Inflected Forms Are Redundant in Question Generation Models

Word embeddings generated by neural network methods such as word2vec (W2V)
are well known to exhibit seemingly linear behaviour, e.g. the embeddings of
analogy "woman is to queen as man is to king" approximately describe a
parallelogram. This property is particularly intriguing since the embeddings
are not trained to achieve it. Several explanations have been proposed, but
each introduces assumptions that do not hold in practice. We derive a
probabilistically grounded definition of paraphrasing that we re-interpret as
word transformation, a mathematical description of "$w_x$ is to $w_y$". From
these concepts we prove existence of linear relationships between W2V-type
embeddings that underlie the analogical phenomenon, identifying explicit error
terms.

本文通过概率定义新的释义来重新诠释 W2V 生成的词向量中的线性行为，证明了线性关系存在，并确定了差错项。