The open-radio access network (O-RAN) embraces cloudification and network
function virtualization for base-band function processing by dis-aggregated
radio units (RUs), distributed units (DUs), and centralized units (CUs). These
enable the cloud-RAN vision in full, where multiple mobile network operators
(MNOs) can install their proprietary or open RUs, but lease on-demand
computational resources for DU-CU functions from commonly available open-clouds
via open x-haul interfaces. In this paper, we propose and compare the
performances of min-max fairness and Vickrey-Clarke-Groves (VCG) auction-based
x-haul and DU-CU resource allocation mechanisms to create a multi-tenant O-RAN
ecosystem that is sustainable for small, medium, and large MNOs. The min-max
fair approach minimizes the maximum OPEX of RUs through cost-sharing
proportional to their demands, whereas the VCG auction-based approach minimizes
the total OPEX for all resources utilized while extracting truthful demands
from RUs. We consider time-wavelength division multiplexed (TWDM) passive
optical network (PON)-based x-haul interfaces where PON virtualization
technique is used to flexibly provide optical connections among RUs and
edge-clouds at macro-cell RU locations as well as open-clouds at the central
office locations. Moreover, we design efficient heuristics that yield
significantly better economic efficiency and network resource utilization than
conventional greedy resource allocation algorithms and reinforcement
learning-based algorithms.

本文提出并比较了 min-max fairness 和 Vickrey-Clarke-Groves（VCG）基于拍卖的 x-haul 和 DU-CU 资源分配机制，以创建一个可持续发展的多租户 O-RAN 生态系统，其中使用 PON 虚拟化技术的 x-haul 接口在 RU 和边缘云之间提供光学连接，并设计了有效的启发式算法来提高经济效率和网络资源利用率。