Pearl's do calculus is a complete axiomatic approach to learn the
identifiable causal effects from observational data. When such an effect is not
identifiable, it is necessary to perform a collection of often cos
本文主要研究的问题是通过 $do$-calculus 方法推断任意条件因果效应的可识别性问题,特别将正性假设显式引入,提出了相应的 sound and complete 算法,为 Lee et al. [2020] 和 Correa et al. [2021] 的研究工作进行了扩展,并不局限于观测分布 $P (V)$。