Automated sample preparation and electron microscopy enables acquisition of
very large image data sets. These technical advances are of special importance
to the field of neuroanatomy, as 3D reconstructions of neuronal processes at
the nm scale can provide new insight into the fine grained structure of the
brain. Segmentation of large-scale electron microscopy data is the main
bottleneck in the analysis of these data sets. In this paper we present a
pipeline that provides state-of-the art reconstruction performance while
scaling to data sets in the GB-TB range. First, we train a random forest
classifier on interactive sparse user annotations. The classifier output is
combined with an anisotropic smoothing prior in a Conditional Random Field
framework to generate multiple segmentation hypotheses per image. These
segmentations are then combined into geometrically consistent 3D objects by
segmentation fusion. We provide qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the
automatic segmentation and demonstrate large-scale 3D reconstructions of
neuronal processes from a $\mathbf{27,000}$ $\mathbf{\mu m^3}$ volume of brain
tissue over a cube of $\mathbf{30 \; \mu m}$ in each dimension corresponding to
1000 consecutive image sections. We also introduce Mojo, a proofreading tool
including semi-automated correction of merge errors based on sparse user
scribbles.

自动样品制备和电子显微镜使得大规模图像数据采集成为可能，基于此，本文提出了一种 pipeline 系统，通过结合随机森林分类和条件随机场框架，能够完成大规模电子显微镜数据的分割和自动化标注，从而实现了大规模 3D 神经元的重建和可视化。