The goal of this study is to investigate whether a Transformer-based neural
language model infers lexical semantics and use this information for the
completion of morphosyntactic patterns. The semantic properties considered are
telicity (also combined with definiteness) and agentivity. Both act at the
interface between semantics and morphosyntax: they are semantically determined
and syntactically encoded. The tasks were submitted to both the computational
model and a group of Italian native speakers. The comparison between the two
groups of data allows us to investigate to what extent neural language models
capture significant aspects of human semantic competence.

研究目的是调查基于 Transformer 的神经语言模型是否能推断词汇语义，并利用这些信息来完成形态句法模式的构建；研究考虑了 telicity（兼具确定性）和 agentivity 两个语义特性，它们在语义和句法语言之间的交接处起作用，既受语义决定，又在句法上编码；实验分别让计算模型和一群意大利母语者完成了这些任务，通过比较两组数据，我们可以研究神经语言模型在多大程度上捕捉到人类语义能力的重要方面。

GilBERTo 中的能动性和目的性：认知启示

Agentività e telicità in GilBERTo: implicazioni cognitive

Euclidean distance matrices (EDM) are matrices of squared distances between
points. The definition is deceivingly simple: thanks to their many useful
properties they have found applications in psychometrics, crystallography,
machine learning, wireless sensor networks, acoustics, and more. Despite the
usefulness of EDMs, they seem to be insufficiently known in the signal
processing community. Our goal is to rectify this mishap in a concise tutorial.
We review the fundamental properties of EDMs, such as rank or
(non)definiteness. We show how various EDM properties can be used to design
algorithms for completing and denoising distance data. Along the way, we
demonstrate applications to microphone position calibration, ultrasound
tomography, room reconstruction from echoes and phase retrieval. By spelling
out the essential algorithms, we hope to fast-track the readers in applying
EDMs to their own problems. Matlab code for all the described algorithms, and
to generate the figures in the paper, is available online. Finally, we suggest
directions for further research.

本论文介绍了欧几里得距离矩阵的基本属性以及其在算法设计和应用方面的作用，总结了完成和去噪距离数据方面的相关算法，并给出了多个应用实例，为读者快速应用欧几里得距离矩阵提供帮助。