Since 2007, the Telescope Array (TA) experiment, based in Utah, USA, has been
observing ultra high energy cosmic rays to understand their origins. The
experiment involves a surface detector (SD) array and three fluorescence
detector (FD) stations. FD stations, installed surrounding the SD array,
measure the air fluorescence light emitted from extensive air showers (EASs)
for precise determination of their energies and species. The detectors employed
at one of the three FD stations were relocated from the High Resolution Fly's
Eye experiment. At the other two stations, newly designed detectors were
constructed for the TA experiment. An FD consists of a primary mirror and a
camera equipped with photomultiplier tubes. To obtain the EAS parameters with
high accuracies, understanding the FD optical characteristics is important. In
this paper, we report the characteristics and installation of new FDs and the
performances of the FD components. The results of the monitored mirror
reflectance during the observation time are also described in this report.

该论文报告了新 FD 的特性和安装以及 FD 组件的性能，并描述了在观察时间内监测镜面反射率的结果。

望远镜阵列实验中采用的新型空气荧光探测器

New air fluorescence detectors employed in the Telescope Array  experiment

The Pierre Auger Observatory is a hybrid detector for ultra-high energy
cosmic rays. It combines a surface array to measure secondary particles at
ground level together with a fluorescence detector to measure the development
of air showers in the atmosphere above the array. The fluorescence detector
comprises 24 large telescopes specialized for measuring the nitrogen
fluorescence caused by charged particles of cosmic ray air showers. In this
paper we describe the components of the fluorescence detector including its
optical system, the design of the camera, the electronics, and the systems for
relative and absolute calibration. We also discuss the operation and the
monitoring of the detector. Finally, we evaluate the detector performance and
precision of shower reconstructions.

本文描述了 Pierre Auger Observatory 的荧光探测器的组件，包括其光学系统，相机设计，电子设备以及相对和绝对校准系统。此外，还讨论了探测器的运行和监测，并对淋浴重建的性能和精度进行了评估。